The Ho research group is at the forefront of developing Sustainable Smart Systems (S³), which are crucial for advancing renewable energy and water supplies, as well as autonomous monitoring for human health. Our research is dedicated to developing the next generation of innovative materials, leveraging their unique physical and chemical properties to make  significant impacts in electronics, energy, healthcare and robotics. Our approach is multidisciplinary, integrating concepts from electrical engineering, chemical engineering, materials science and physics. By combining these diverse fields, we aim to develop smart systems that are efficient, sustainable and capable of addressing the most pressing challenges of our time.